Laporan Praktikum Pemrograman Web 10

A. Migration untuk tabel majors

Buat migrasi database dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:

php artisan make:migration create_majors_table

Kemudian tambahkan kode berikut di function up():

Schema::create('majors', function (Blueprint $table) { 
            $table->id(); 
            $table->string('name'); 
            $table->timestamps(); 
        });

B. Migration untuk tabel students

Buat migrasi database dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:

code>php artisan make:migration create_students_table
                
Kemudian tambahkan kode berikut di function up():
                
Schema::create('students', function (Blueprint $table) { 
            $table->id(); 
            $table->string('nim')->unique(); 
            $table->string('name'); 
            $table->text('address'); 
            $table->foreignId('major_id')->constrained('majors')->onDelete('cascade'); 
            $table->timestamps(); 
        });

              
              
C. Migration untuk tabel subjects
              
Buat migrasi database dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:
              
php artisan make:migration create_subjects_table
                
Kemudian tambahkan kode berikut di function up():
                
Schema::create('subjects', function (Blueprint $table) { 
            $table->id(); 
            $table->string('name'); 
            $table->integer('sks'); 
            $table->timestamps(); 
        });
              
              
              
D. Migration untuk tabel pivot student_subject
              
Buat migrasi database dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:
              
php artisan make:migration create_student_subject_table

                
Kemudian tambahkan kode berikut di function up():
                
Schema::create('student_subject', function (Blueprint $table) { 
            $table->id(); 
            $table->foreignId('student_id')->constrained('students')->onDelete('cascade'); 
            $table->foreignId('subject_id')->constrained('subjects')->onDelete('cascade'); 
            $table->timestamps(); 
             
            // Mencegah duplikasi kombinasi student_id dan subject_id 
            $table->unique(['student_id', 'subject_id']); 
        });

            
Setelah semua migrasi telah dibuat dan disave, jalankan migrasi database dengan perintah terminal:
            
php artisan migrate


              
A, Model Major
              
Buat model dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:
              
php artisan make:model Major

              
Setelah itu, masukkan kode berikut di model:
              
hasMany(Student::class); 
    } 
} 

              
              
B. Model Student
              
Buat model dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:
              
php artisan make:model Student

              
Setelah itu, masukkan kode berikut di model:
              
belongsTo(Major::class); 
    } 
  
    // Relationship: Many Students belong to many Subjects 
    public function subjects() 
    { 
        return $this->belongsToMany(Subject::class); 
    } 
} 

             
              
              
C. Model Subject 
              
 Buat model dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal::
              
php artisan make:model Subject 

                
Setelah itu, masukkan kode berikut di model:
                
belongsToMany(Student::class); 
    } 
} 

    
Langkah selanjutnya yaitu membuat sebuah seeder untuk memasukkan data ke dalam database.
              
              
A. Seeder untuk Major 
              
Buat seeder dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal: :
              
php artisan make:seeder MajorSeeder

              
Setelah itu, masukkan kode berikut di seeder:
              
 'Teknik Informatika'], 
            ['name' => 'Sistem Informasi'], 
            ['name' => 'Teknik Komputer'], 
            ['name' => 'Manajemen Informatika'], 
        ]; 
  
        foreach ($majors as $major) { 
            Major::create($major); 
        } 
    } 
} 

              
B. Seeder untuk Subject
              
Buat seeder dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:
              
php artisan make:seeder SubjectSeeder

                
Setelah itu, masukkan kode berikut di seeder:
                
 'Pemrograman Web', 'sks' => 3], 
            ['name' => 'Database', 'sks' => 3], 
            ['name' => 'Algoritma', 'sks' => 2], 
            ['name' => 'Jaringan Komputer', 'sks' => 3], 
            ['name' => 'Sistem Operasi', 'sks' => 2], 
        ]; 
  
        foreach ($subjects as $subject) { 
            Subject::create($subject); 
        } 
    } 
} 

    
C.Seeder untuk Student
    
Buat seeder dengan menggunakan command berikut di terminal:
    
php artisan make:seeder StudentSeeder

        
Setelah itu, masukkan kode berikut di seeder
        
 '20210001', 'name' => 'Ahmad Rizki', 'address' => 'Jl. Merdeka No. 1', 
'major_id' => 1], 
            ['nim' => '20210002', 'name' => 'Siti Nurhaliza', 'address' => 'Jl. Sudirman No. 
15', 'major_id' => 1], 
            ['nim' => '20210003', 'name' => 'Budi Santoso', 'address' => 'Jl. Pahlawan No. 8', 
'major_id' => 2], 
            ['nim' => '20210004', 'name' => 'Dewi Kartika', 'address' => 'Jl. Diponegoro No. 
22', 'major_id' => 2], 
            ['nim' => '20210005', 'name' => 'Eko Prasetyo', 'address' => 'Jl. Gatot Subroto No. 
11', 'major_id' => 3], 
        ]; 
  
        foreach ($students as $studentData) { 
            $student = Student::create($studentData); 
             
            // Assign random subjects to each student 
            $subjects = Subject::inRandomOrder()->take(rand(2, 4))->pluck('id'); 
            $student->subjects()->attach($subjects); 
        } 
    } 
} 

    
D. Update DatabaseSeeder
    
Tambahkan kode berikut di DatabaseSeeder
    
call([ 
            MajorSeeder::class, 
            SubjectSeeder::class, 
            StudentSeeder::class, 
        ]); 
    } 
} 

    
Setelah semua seeder dibuat dan di save, jalankan seeder dengan perintah terminal:
    
php artisan db:seed

        
A. StudentController
        
Buat controller dengan perintah terminal berikut:
        
php artisan make:controller StudentController

            
tambahkan kode berikut di file kontroler
            
get(); 
return view('students.index', compact('students')); 
} 
public function show($id) 
{ 
$student = Student::with(['major', 'subjects'])->findOrFail($id); 
return view('students.show', compact('student')); 
} 
public function create() 
{ 
$majors = Major::all(); 
$subjects = Subject::all(); 
return view('students.create', compact('majors', 'subjects')); 
} 
public function store(Request $request) 
{ 
$request->validate([ 
'nim' => 'required|unique:students', 
'name' => 'required', 
'address' => 'required', 
'major_id' => 'required|exists:majors,id', 
'subjects' => 'required|array', 
'subjects.*' => 'exists:subjects,id', 
]); 
$student = Student::create($request->only(['nim', 'name', 'address', 'major_id'])); 
$student->subjects()->attach($request->subjects); 
return redirect()->route('students.index')->with('success', 'Student created 
successfully'); 
} 
public function edit($id) 
{ 
$student = Student::with('subjects')->findOrFail($id); 
$majors = Major::all(); 
$subjects = Subject::all(); 
return view('students.edit', compact('student', 'majors', 'subjects')); 
} 
public function update(Request $request, $id) 
{ 
$student = Student::findOrFail($id); 
         
        $request->validate([ 
            'nim' => 'required|unique:students,nim,' . $student->id, 
            'name' => 'required', 
            'address' => 'required', 
            'major_id' => 'required|exists:majors,id', 
            'subjects' => 'required|array', 
            'subjects.*' => 'exists:subjects,id', 
        ]); 
  
        $student->update($request->only(['nim', 'name', 'address', 'major_id'])); 
        $student->subjects()->sync($request->subjects); 
  
        return redirect()->route('students.index')->with('success', 'Student updated 
successfully'); 
    } 
  
    public function destroy($id) 
    { 
        $student = Student::findOrFail($id); 
        $student->subjects()->detach(); // Remove all subject relationships 
        $student->delete(); 
  
        return redirect()->route('students.index')->with('success', 'Student deleted 
successfully'); 
    } 
} 

    
Langkah selanjutnya yaitu membuat views untuk menampilkan pada halaman website.
    
A.layout utama
    
Buat file pada resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php. kodenya adalah seperti berikut:
    
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
 
 
     
  
    
 
        @if(session('success')) 
            
 
                {{ session('success') }} 
            
 
        @endif 
  
        @yield('content') 
    
 
  
     
 

    
B. Index Students
    
Buat file pada resources/views/students/index.blade.php. kodenya adalah seperti berikut:
    
@extends('layouts.app') 
  
@section('content') 
 
    
Daftar Mahasiswa
 
    Tambah Mahasiswa 
 
  
 
     
            @foreach($students as $student) 
             
            @endforeach 
        
 
        
 
            
 
                
NIM
 
                
Nama
 
                
Jurusan
 
                
Mata Kuliah
 
                
Total SKS
 
                
Aksi
 
            
 
        
 
        
 
                
{{ $student->nim }}
 
                
{{ $student->name }}
 
                
{{ $student->major->name }}
 
                
 
                    @foreach($student->subjects as $subject) 
                        {{ $subject->name }} 
                    @endforeach 
                
 
                
{{ $student->subjects->sum('sks') }}
 
                
 
                    Detail 
                    Edit 
                    
 
                        @csrf 
                        @method('DELETE') 
                        Hapus 
                    
 
                
 
            
 
    
 
 
@endsection